Revenge and Vengeance in Shakespeares Hamlet - Beyond...

Revenge in Hamlet There is an old saying, The sins of the fathers are visited upon the sons. When the sons in question are Hamlet, Laertes, and Fortinbras - pivotal characters in Shakespeares Hamlet - one might wonder how each mans father affects their particular natures - their particular sins. While Hamlet could be considered a story in the vein of Cain and Abel; a jealous man who slays his brother, an allusion which Claudius himself makes during his prayer at the climax of the play - O! my offense is rank, it smells to heaven,/It hath the primal eldest curse upon t;/A brothers murder! . . . (III, iii, 36-39) - the greatest sum of miseries in the play are caused by the paths taken by Hamlet, Laertes, and Fortinbras†¦show more content†¦To those he loves - his mother Gertrude and his lady Ophelia - Hamlet adopts a different tact; his belief that he must go alone and confide in no one, save his friend Horatio, results in his terrible mistreatment of his mother and Ophelia. Between speaking da ggers to Gertrude and imparting to Ophelia that she should get to a nunnery, Hamlet makes miserable the lives of the women who love him. That need for detachment from love is grounded in Hamlets self-doubt, which manifests itself throughout the play in Hamlets various soliloquies. Even as he prepares to set a trap for Claudius by use of the play within-the-play, Hamlet finds his thoughts florid and his doubts numerous, he admires First Players capacity to convincingly portray false emotions: O, what a rogue and peasant slave am I! Is it not monstrous that this player here, But in a fiction, in a dream of passion, Could force his soul so to his own conceit (II, ii, 503-507) Even when he discovers Claudius guilt, Hamlet finds himself bound by conscience. He comes across Claudius in the Kings chamber, but as Claudius is in prayer (or so Hamlet perceives him to be), he cannot bring himself to kill the King, lest Claudius meet with a better end than his own father: . . . And so a goes to heaven, And soShow MoreRelated Revenge and Vengeance in Shakespeares Hamlet - Going Beyond Revenge1851 Words   |  8 PagesGoing Beyond Revenge in Hamlet      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The simplest and superficially the most appealing way to understand Shakespeare’s Hamlet is to see it as a revenge tragedy. This genre was well established and quite popular in Shakespeare’s time, but it was precisely part of his genius that he could take old forms and renew them by a creative violation of their standards. As this essay will explore, Hamlet stands the conventional revenge tragedy on its head, and uses the tensions created by this reversalRead More Captain Ahab Essay1462 Words   |  6 PagesCaptain Ahab sights Moby Dick from afar and continues his hot pursuit on the White Whale. For three days, a relentless chase occurs because of Ahab’s desire for revenge. The indomitable whale continually destroys boat after boat. During the latter days of the struggle, the whale finally attacks the Pequod, plunging the ship to the bottom pits of the ocean. Determined to reach his final goal, the captain makes a last ditch effort and launc hes his harpoon towards Moby Dick. Ironically, Ahab’s harpoonRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet - Moral Idealism1159 Words   |  5 Pagesduties, which tend to avoid compromises and deals with absolutes. An individual that adopts such an ideology, while in search of revenge for a crime committed against family, may cross into the realm of the divine and seek retribution beyond the worldly human capabilities as performed by the character of Hamlet in William Shakespeare’s Hamlet. However, pursuing revenge that will result in the more â€Å"perfect† judgement of evil both on earth and in the afterlife requires preparation for the establishmentRead MoreHamlet as So Much More Than a Traditional Revenge Tragedy Essay1713 Words   |  7 PagesHamlet as So Much More Than a Traditional Revenge Tragedy Although Shakespeare wrote Hamlet closely following the conventions of a traditional revenge tragedy, he goes far beyond this form in his development of Hamlets character. Shakespeares exploration of Hamlets complex thoughts and emotions is perhaps more the focus of the play rather than that of revenge, thus in Hamlet Shakespeare greatly develops and enhances the form of the traditional revenge tragedy. Read More The Relationship between Hamlet and the Bible. Essay2412 Words   |  10 PagesThe Relationship between Hamlet and the Bible.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It may appear that anything could be twisted into a typological pattern. Such interpretations appear to suffer from the structuralist faults of skating too lightly over actual texts, ignoring details that cannot be forced into a preconceived mold, and robbing narratives of their concrete shapes through abstraction. I would stress that there is more to Shakespeare than typology, but I would also insist that typology is often anRead MoreMental Issues In Hamlet900 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout William Shakespeare’s play The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince Hamlet clearly has a lot of mental issues. Hamlet never seems to truly come back once he is set on his moral journey. He is originally devastated and depressed at the murder of his father, but his moral path is shifted when he encounters his father’s ghost. After that he turns on a path of vengeance against Claudius for murdering his father and wooing his mother. The other characters’ para noia intertwine with Hamlet’s moral pathRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet And Steven Monroe s Interpretation Of I Spit On Your Grave1108 Words   |  5 PagesVengeance Revenge is a force that has ceaselessly perplexed man’s conscience. Do you heed the words of the bible and let revenge fall upon the shoulders of the Lord, or do you take the eye that was so wrongfully taken from you? Do you take into your hands retribution, or do you adopt a philosophy of forgiveness? Perhaps being forgiving does not make for good entertainment. It is William Shakespeare’s Hamlet and Steven Monroe’s interpretation of I Spit on Your Grave that cultivates the viewer experienceRead MoreHamlet : A Cycle Of Revenge1165 Words   |  5 Pagesin the case of The Tragedy of Hamlet, the Shakespearean masterpiece, parents may face untimely deaths at the hands of enemies. This, of course, commences a cycle of revenge, a cycle where an equilibrium of justice is attempted to be reached through retribution. But much too often this cycle of retribution has little thought. Despite following a procedure with valid, emotional roots and a lengthy pensive phase, th ere is rarely logic in the emotional process of revenge, but rather invented, false logicsRead MoreHamlet As A Jealous Of Claudius1417 Words   |  6 PagesOn William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, after the assassination of his father, Hamlet thinks he is living in a world full of corruption and deceit, where everything is falling apart and everyone is against him. An imminent, exaggerated, and passionate love for his mother is his main feature. Although others argue that Hamlet’s obsession to murder Claudius is strictly to claim revenge for his father’s death, it is Hamlet’s obsessive desire to possess his mother in an unhealthy and, perhaps incestuous,Read MoreHamlet And Sanity Essay1806 Words   |  8 PagesShakespeare’s play â€Å"Hamlet† views the life of a complex protagonist Hamlet, the Danish prince who is fueled with vengeance to murder the killer of his father King Hamlet. Although Hamlet may be a character whose thoughts and actions r esemble a madman or someone who has lost their sanity, it’s clear he is fully sane due to him deciding to fake madness to carry out his revenge plot on killing his Uncle Claudius, who is the current throne holder and his mother’s newlywed husband. It is very facile to

Adolescent Attitudes Toward Mental Illness Essay - 1611 Words

PSY102 Foundations of Psychology Assessment 1: Evaluation of Report (Adolescents’ attitudes towards mental illness; Relationship between components and sex differences) Q1 Read Burton page 87/89 and evaluate the introductory paragraph of the article. How does the opening paragraph in Norman and Malla (1983) differ from the guidelines illustrated in Burton? There are distinct differences within the Norman and Malla article with regard to both structure and detail when compared to the guideline illustrated in Burton. According to APA format, the introduction should contain a general overview of the topic being researched. In the Norman and Malla article, the Introduction begins with stating part of the hypothesis, not with a general†¦show more content†¦One main flaw in this part of the article is the lack of an appendix. This section could have flowed a lot better if several things were referred to rather than being in the body of the text. †¢ The questionnaire could have been placed in an appendix where it could be referred to rather than each question being written into the body of the article. †¢ The description of the three types of behaviours (Paranoid Schizophrenic, Personality Disorder and Healthy) could also have been placed in the appendix. †¢ It would have been helpful if the vignettes themselves were explained in a little more detail in an appendix that could have been referred to. †¢ According to Burton, the method section should contain three subsections: Participants, Materials, and Procedure. The Norman and Malla article is lacking a Materials section. It is in this section that an explanation of the questionnaire would be better suited. †¢ The results seemed to creep into the Method section and would have been better left until the Results section. Having the results in with the method section was confusing and prevented consolidating the process of ‘how’ the results would be calculated before the results were given Although this section included some of the results, lacks a materials section, lacks organisation and also contains a lot of information that would be better placed in an appendix, I do think that the experiment could beShow MoreRelatedTragedy of Tormented Teenagers: Mental Illness Hits One in Four1429 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom mental illness and are exposed to serious risk of harm. It is found that more than one in four teenagers suffer a mental illness and most are not identified or treated (Mcdougall, 2013). Mental illness is the largest risk factor that causes suicidal behaviour and serious psychological distress in young people (Australian Government, 2013). According to Mcdougall (2013), the life expectancy for people with mental illness is 15 to 20 year lower than other Australians. Child and adolescent psychologistRead MoreEffects Of Stigma Toward Mental Illnesses1711 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Mental illness is one of the most stigmatized medical conditions in society. People diagnosed with mental illnesses experience a difficult social life, where most of the community members harbor prejudicial attitudes toward them. Undoubtedly, having a mental illness profoundly affects how an individual interacts with the rest of the community in various issues. More often than not, the social consequences of mental disorders are negative since persons with the illness are naturallyRead MoreMental Health Awareness Across The United States1409 Words   |  6 PagesMay is Mental Health Awareness Month, a national initiative to spread awareness to the constituents of the United States. On April 28, 2016, President Obama issued a Proclamation addressing Mental Health Awareness across the United States. He declared: Nearly 44 million American adults, and millions of children, experience mental health conditions each year, including depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and post-traumatic stress. This month, we renew our commitment to ridding ourRead MoreHispanic Culture s Influence On Health Patterns And Behaviors Exhibited By The Community Essay988 Words   |  4 Pagesthese areas has been identified (AZDHS, 2014). As a somewhat geographically isolated area, access to specialized care can be of particular concern, especially for children. According to Healthy People 2020 (2014), 70.8 percent of children with mental illness receive treatment, which is short of the target goal of 75.8 percent. The data collected in the community assessment was analyzed based on the strengths and deficits of each subsystem. A priority problem was identified from this informationRead MoreA Reflection On Labeling Mental Illness1560 Words   |  7 PagesA Reflection on Labeling Mental Illness in Adolescence Over the past two months that I have spent enhancing my knowledge of mental health nursing with adolescence at the Youth Resource Center (YRC), I have encountered numerous learning opportunities that have allowed me to reflect both upon the profession of nursing as a whole, as well as my own future practice. As nursing students we are taught that the capacity to reflect critically is crucial to a nurse’s ability to grow as a practitionerRead MoreDepression Is A Highly Prevalent Mental Disorder With Estimates1690 Words   |  7 PagesDepression is a highly prevalent mental disorder with estimates indicating that it affects up to 6.7 percent of the United States population age eighteen and older in a given year for Major Depression and 1.5 percent for Persistent Depressive Disorder. The prevalence of mental disorders is the greatest among those who are ages 16 to 24 years of age (ADAA, 2016). The prevalence of youth with mood disorders is 11%, with nearly 50% of youth aged 8 to 15 did not receive mental health services in the previousRead MoreTeen Pregnancy1426 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Teen pregnancy is often unplanned and challenging for the future life of mother and child. The increase risk of health problems for both mother and baby occur during teen pregnancy. Teen pregnancy impacts adolescent development in all aspects: physical, emotional, cognitive, and social development. Negative consequences result from teen pregnancy include: low income, increased school dropout rates, lower educational levels, and increased rates of substance abuse (Garwood, Gerassi, ReidRead MoreMental Health Disorders And Its Effects On Children And Society1626 Words   |  7 Pagesissues Mental health disorders such as bipolar disorder and ADHD creates a burden on affected children and society at large. Commonly identified issues include financial impact on the family, effect of the illness on the child, social issues, occupational and academic functioning, racial impact, effects on family, stigma of the illness, suicide, economic burden on society, role of healthcare providers and cultural issues. 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Chronic illness has been defined  as â€Å"an illness that is prolonged in duration, does not often resolve spontaneously, and is rarely cured completely.† (Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing). Adolescence is â€Å"a period of rapid physical, psychological, emotional and social

Global Entrepreneurship Cooling Jacket Company

Question: Discuss about theGlobal Entrepreneurshipfor Cooling Jacket Company. Answer: Introduction Australia is the second best-ranked country in the entire of the southern hemisphere, and the 13th in the whole world most improving for starting and running a business (Report, 2016). Australia has lowered the rental expenses, deployed educated workforce and a broad space for business people to venture in. Other attributing factors that can predict starting Cooling Jacket Company in Australia can thrive is the fact that: The Australian government has heavily provided grants and resources to help run entrepreneurship, the ecosystem in the country has improved for the last three years and friendly government policies. Much small business has turned to be large have flourished. (Kotler P, 2012) Taiwan may not be the suitable place to set the company because of its harsh business plans, the weak relationship with mainland China and external sector readily determines its economy. Australia has been a neighbor of Taiwan will be a convenient place for a cooling jacket company to set in the country. Australia has better and favorable business environment than Taiwan which translate the operation cost would be smaller than in Taiwan (Jr, 2013). It is also evident that Australian society is worldly known for having the highest export rate. The country has regulated and abolished its tariffs and quotas for the neighboring countries through the free trade market. The northern of Taiwan has sub-tropical climate while the south region has a tropical climate. In winter as well, the weather is always cold because of northeasterly winds. Across the gender, that is, men and women, of the region, are fashionable and have interest towards trendy clothes and accessories. Therefore, cooler jacket product will serve both the purpose of relief from the scorching heat of the climate and as stylish clothes.(Kotler P, 2012) When a new company is entering a new market, it needs to maximize its profit no matter the unforeseen hindrances factors. Therefore, cooler jacket company need to strategize on to the mode of market entry mode. For our case, Cooler Jacket Company will be operating outside the country where their customers are abroad. The importance of drawing appropriate methods to reach for their clients require a broad approach. There are many market entry modes which are a success to business (Capon, 2010). They include many but one of them is: Partnership Strategy The partnership is a requirement in the foreign market the parties need to thrive. Partnership impeaches the unknown in the market. Therefore, the other company will provide the knowledge about the market. For Cooler Jacket Company, will require understanding the social and culture of your partner. Partnership helps to share risks with other partner and influence each others strength. Joint venture should bring partners who have like objectives about the market of entry, risk of market entered and the technology know-how. (Keagan, 2012) For the Cooler Jacket Company to outdo their competitors they must consider in two broad areas. Production Supports in Cooler Jacket Company They include the ways to raise the raw materials for the company. The personnel that the business requires, both professionals and skilled workers. The products that the firm is producing must meet the need of the market. Product support also includes the manufacturing specification. The specification gives the necessary foundation for administrators to provide a high-quality product. Product management is a company lifecycle that functions on planning, forecasting or marketing of a good produced. For Cooler Jacket require data management for example, for the need to know the time the product have been in the store.(Valentin, 2015) Packaging and Labelling also plays a crucial role in marketing the Cooler jackets. They give an excellent image and brand to the companys product. Sales Support for Cooler Jackets Product promotion is creating awareness about a new product in the market, increase sales, and enhance brand recognition. Cooler Jacket Company must lay mechanisms to reach the customers more so who are outside the border (Taiwan for our case). (Chris Philips, 2014) Among the strategies include advertising. Advertising campaign involves giving discounts, free samples, and other convincing ways. Another approach is that the demand driven approach. The method target resellers like wholesalers who deals bulky goods and retailers. The other approach Cooler jacket company may use the pull strategy. The plan targets the end users as customers. Pull approach is helpful to the expensive products. The use of door-door sales, internet campaign and contests.(Valentin, 2015) In a nutshell, Cooler Jacket Company has an opportunity to thrive despite being outside the marketplace. Above strategies can lead to maneuver of the cooler jacket product in the market.. List of References Capon, N. (2010). Managing Marketing in 21st Century. Bronxville: Wessex Inc. Chris Philips, I. D. (2014). International Marketing Strategy. London: Routledge. Jr, B. J. (2013). Export Marketing Service and Cost. New York: The Conference Board. Keagan, W. (2012). Global Marketing Management. New Jersey: Prentice Hall International. Kotler P, A. g. (2012). Principles of Marketing. Sydney: Pearson. Report, W. B. (2016). World Bank Business Report. ABDC , 13. Valentin, E. K. (2015). Business Planning and Market Structure. Los Angeles: SAGE.

WordCamp Europe 2018 †What People Are Saying + Our Reflections

Whether youve just returned from Belgrade or you missed this years WordCamp Europe, the word is out WordCamp Europe 2018 was awesome. Just like it is every year. No one could be surprised that WordPress enthusiasts had such an incredible time at WordCamp Europe 2018.Youll be happy to hear that the number of passionate attendees rose and the no-shows dropped. Thats right 2018 was a vintage WordCamp Europe with many important numbers increasing on 2017s stats.But it isnt always about the numbers; the event had many memorable moments. From the party in the sky to the 33 talks and 9 workshops; there was something for everyone. And so that naturally brings us to our reflections. Now that we have all returned from Belgrade, and recovered a few hours of lost sleep, it seems natural to look back on the biggest European WordPress event of the year. I18n at @WCEurope.#WCEU pic.twitter.com/we5eTWAvcd Florian Simeth â“ ¦ (@floriansimeth) June 13, 2018We were also joined by 808 livestreamers from around the world. So, the final tally of 2885 WordPressers is on par with 2017.We were also treated to 65 speakers picked from a record number of 374 applications. While the number of participating countries was a little bit lower 76 the event still reached around the globe with over 6 million Twitter impressions via the official #WCEU hashtag.Traditional media helped us reach another 200k people from 67 media interviews.LocationWhile Belgrade does not have the same brand recognition as Paris; once people started arriving it was clear they were as excited as ever.Good morning beautiful Belgrade. Getting ready for conference day 1. I’m so excited. I feel like a kid on Christmas Eve. Big things are gonna come! #WCEU pic.twitter.com/uY3GLphbU0 Karin Berning (@YoastKarin) June 15, 2018For the local team, it was a great opportunity to show off their city to the wider WordPress community and it generated some genuine excitement. We got a good taste of Serbian architecture w ith the event split between two venues. The main conference was held in the colossal Sava Center which once held UN meetings and retains much of its authority.My heart is pounding so hard and I get dizzy just by being here at Sava Centar and realizing we managed to bring #WCEU here in Belgrade, Serbia 💙 pic.twitter.com/Xs71Tsj7Il Ivana Ćirković (@i_cirkovic) June 14, 2018Meanwhile at the Sava Centar our #WCEU is getting ready for launch. pic.twitter.com/LUZMrElfFO WordCamp Europe (@WCEurope) June 14, 2018I think the Sava Center is the largest building I have ever been in and one of the largest audience halls in Europe. I was told it is due to be renovated and the hall that hosted Miles Davis, Dizzy Gillespie, Nina Simone, and Ray Charles will soon lose a lot of its 70s charm.THIS IS SAVA! #WCEU pic.twitter.com/bfo5RRsR0K Taco Verdo (@TacoVerdo) June 13, 2018A short walk from Sava, 30 minutes or so, was the second area; the Belexpo Center. This was the main social fo cus with both the after party and contributor day held inside the giant hall.Wir sind beim #WCEU in Belgrad mit dabei und waren heute beim Contributor Day. Hier treffen sich viele fleißige Leute, um WordPress weiterzubringen und zu verbessern. #WordPress #WordCamp #Community #Belgrade pic.twitter.com/k4JF9rqdGh WP-Projects (@wpprojects_de) June 14, 2018Contributor DayThe contributor day record was shattered this year with 529 contributors each doing their thang in one (or more) of 24 teams. There were some new teams with Tide and GDPR Privacy teams making their first appearance.Contributor day at #WCEU https://t.co/FADyn1TpQ2 pic.twitter.com/uS0ebeP0kp Aaron D. Campbell at #DerbyCon (@aaroncampbell) June 14, 2018The word of the day was connect. While we werent able to connect to the wifi with confidence, plenty of people had an opportunity to connect in a more traditional sense.Already the last day @ #WCEU. Sad but true. Thanks @luminus for an awesome conversation there. #contr ibutorday pic.twitter.com/XsVF91xk5S á ´Å Ã¡ ´â€¡ÃŠâ‚¬Ã¡ ´ Ã¡ ´â€¡Ã‰ ´ Ê€á ´ Ã¡ ´â€ºÃ¡ ´â€ºÃŠ  🇠§Ã°Å¸â€¡ ª (@JeroenRotty) June 16, 2018 View this post on Instagram #wceu 2018 Contributor DayA post shared by Florian Ziegler (@florian.ziegler.photo) on Jun 14, 2018 at 10:17am PDTAs the day wore on, plenty of work was completed, particularly the Coding Standards team who created more patches than a retired tailor.Coding-Standards sind in #WordPress essentiell. Unser CEO @FlipKeijzer hat heute ebenfalls dazu beigetragen. Das Team make/coding standards hat viele Patches erhalten.#WCEU #ContributorDay #nomoreWordStress https://t.co/dHLAGlg04Q Savvii DE (@SavviiDE) June 14, 2018We’ve moved one of the Core:Editor tables to the Crowne Plaza hotel bar. Everyone who wants to tackle some Gutenberg issues is more than welcome! #wceu #contributorday pic.twitter.com/WYNFMjhAeZ WP Munich (@WPMunich) June 14, 2018 And the core team? Core never sleeps, so they kept on Gutenber ging after the event.Indeed, contributor day was kept alive throughout the entire event with a room designated as the Contribution Area where people kept contributing until the final day.Contributing is not limited to contributor day, theres a room for continued contribution during the whole WordCamp #WCEU pic.twitter.com/2LsrrTY65b Mathieu Sarrasin (@IceableMedia) June 15, 2018Volunteer SocialAnyone who volunteered in Paris will remember the boat that set a high bar for the Volunteer, Sponsor, Speaker Party. WellBelgrade somehow managed to raise the bar even higher. 25 five stories higher in fact..@zgordon et al on top of Belgrade at Top of the Hub at #WCEU pic.twitter.com/XAvHKLfLIZ K. Adam White (@kadamwhite) June 14, 2018What a view to accompany good food and great people at the volunteers social last night! Now we are ready to enjoy the first day of talks at #wceu pic.twitter.com/EiRiesOUM9 Mind Doodle (@MindDoodleCom) June 15, 2018 The view from the top of the building was a p erfect way to relax and prepare for two days of intensity. The combination of excellent views, incredible food, and amazing people proved the perfect tonic for any last minute stress they might feel.WCEU Day 1One of the things we noticed was the movement of workshops away from Contributor Day. The workshops ran alongside the main event for the first time. This helped keep Contributor Day on point. However, it also created an exhaustive daily schedule for those looking to make the most of the learning opportunities. In fact, we made this comic along those very lines.With Gutenberg slated to go Core in WordPress 5.0, this was always going to be the WordCamp of Gutenberg. However, there was also a good focus on JavaScript, mental health, and accessibility.Gutenberg was the focus of an epic 3 hours workshop with the Gutenberg team, a concurrent 90-minute workshop for block building, and the keynote. This is just the first day. On the second day, we had another workshop combining Gutenbe rg with JavaScript and two talks.   So, for now, lets concentrate on day ones Gutenberg roundtable and the keynote.The Gutenberg roundtable was held with the Gutenberg team and they revealed some juicy secrets about the editor. They also allayed the fears of many with the knowledge they shared, in particular, backward compatibility was confirmed.Here I am getting excited about #Gutenberg at #WCEU thanks to @karmatosed 😠Ã¢Å"ŠðŸ  ½ pic.twitter.com/4CqteL2dce Melin Edo (@melin_edo) June 15, 2018What you must know is that the editor is nearly ready and by the end of June it should be feature complete. After features are frozen, possibly in early July, we should see a refining of the UX with a view towards release. WPTavern has a comprehensive review of the entire workshop including customization and theme building processes.How to edit plugins in Gutenberg by the Gutenberg Team #WCEU pic.twitter.com/6uiAoujfKE WordCamp Europe (@WCEurope) June 15, 2018While we post this phot o of a fully packed Milky Way track during @photomatt session yesterday, we are happy to say that so far 2058 people went through our registration desks. 2058 people sharing the same #WCEU values. Thank you! ⠝ ¤Ã¯ ¸  pic.twitter.com/lX3p2mI0jS WordCamp Europe (@WCEurope) June 16, 2018For the first time, I think, a presentation from Matt Mullenweg played to a room large enough to hold everyone. As you can imagine, there was a lot of Gutenberg talk with a touch on how it has evolved and how it will unfold.The month of June will be a big one as site influencers will be encouraged to move sites over to Gutenberg. From then on, data will be collected about the editor and how users are using it, or not. A lot of bugs will be squished during this period. WordPress of the future looks like getting a release date in August..@photomatt showing off the copy and paste functionality in @gutenberg from Google docs, Apple pages, Microsoft Word, Evernote, random web pages, and Markdown. #WCEU p ic.twitter.com/y28XYVdm3R David Bisset (@dimensionmedia) June 15, 2018He also asked devs to dive into JavaScript. Deeply. Again. And gave away a cookie.WordCamps are always great events for their focus on accessibility, but this year we also saw a good focus on mental health. This focus emerged in the second half of day one with two talks; staying healthy in the digital space and easing the anxious mind.Many small but helpful tips: drink enough, excercise, get your workspace properly organised and many more can help you stay healthy —@varrocreative #WCEU pic.twitter.com/0vpdAfOMvt WordCamp Europe (@WCEurope) June 15, 2018Christina Varro gave a detailed talk about the perils of freelancing based on her experience from nearly 10 years of freelancing. Her tips have helped her move beyond the sleep disorders, physical health and anxiety disorders that often go hand in hand with heavy computer work. The tips themselves are small but very powerful in helping us stay healthy.At WCEU 2018 a lot of speakers and workshop leaders stepped up to say Youre not alone. Let us help. Laura Nelson is open about her own struggles and shared her experience and knowledge to an eager audience.Dont trivialise issues. Anxiety can be an impairing condition as much as a broken leg. EMPATHY. Thank you so much for sharing your experience @laura_nelson_ #WCEU pic.twitter.com/3hHMT9NJdz à lvaro Gà ³mez Velasco (@Mrfoxtalbot) June 15, 2018These two first day talks set the wider stage for a conversation about mental health in a number of talks and workshops on day 2.WCEU Day 2How does #Drupal community sees #WordPress? â€Å"In recent years I think in recent years it has becomes less of a competitor and more of a collaborator.† @davidneedham at @WCEurope #WCEU pic.twitter.com/FsRhWp2hBc David Bisset (@dimensionmedia) June 16, 2018Day 2 had big shoes to fill after an inspiring first day, but somehow it managed to achieve it. If you are a fan of connections and contributions, t hen you will be happy to hear that WordPress and Drupal share a decent amount of love. We share so much love that we are lending them   Matt Mullenweg for the Drupal Europe conference in Berlin this September.Sharing love was also the theme of Davide Casalis talk on feedback. This was the talk of the day in my opinion. Giving and receiving feedback is actually quite challenging and often times we find ourselves falling into ridiculous traps. Casali helped redefine the process and provided strategies for moving forward. This is the best quote from a highly quotable talk:This talk was epic, @Folletto is amazing 😠 #wceu pic.twitter.com/QmiNnY4K29 cate (@catehstn) June 16, 2018We say negative feedback but lets reframe it to feedback that you know what to do with. Positive feedback is confirmation feedback keep doing what youre doing.Thank you to everyone at #WCEU who signed up early and packed the house for our Advanced #Gutenberg #React and #Redux Workshop!!! pic.twitter.com/ Zr6n85SLHI Zac Gordon (@zgordon) June 16, 2018We also witnessed an epic 3 hour Gutenberg and React workshop with Zac Gordon and Julien Melissas. Attendees enthusiastically packed the room and happily squeezed into chairs without desks. Their deep learning of JavaScript paid off handsomely with a love heart counter to keep.Sherry Wallings workshop provided attendees with superpowers to help them stay healthy and productive. The workshop was completely full which vindicates the decision to put focus on mental health at this WordCamp.Mental Health Superpowers: Self-reflection, relaxation, and connection for the productive life with @zenfounder at #WCEU pic.twitter.com/4jfG6wyCuz Pierre Saà ¯kali (@psaikali) June 16, 2018The workshoppers also participated enthusiastically in the exercises.Lets switch back to Gutenberg for the final summary. We had two hardcore Gutenbergers delivering talks with Tammie Lister considering design patterns and Matà ­as Ventura taking a deep dive into the technical side of Gutenberg and what it means for publishing.Anatomy of a block: #Gutenberg design patterns with @karmatosed. Great features for an advanced user. Now I know what we have to do before August: teach all of our clients to use these new features. #WCEU attendees, how have you handled this? pic.twitter.com/koo6ffd9Vq Kenda (@kenda_x) June 16, 2018One of the most exciting implications from the Gutenberg editor is the placeholder because it makes blank, judgemental, pages less frightening. In other words, placeholders help us see how a page might take shape. You can see that people started getting excited for Gutenberg and some of their worries eased after the talks, workshops, and the keynote.If you were lucky enough to be at WordCamp US 2017, you probably remember the Gutenberg demonstration from Matà ­as Ventura during the State of the Word. The demo was a watershed moment when people started to get excited about Gutenberg. The markdown support is getting people excit ed. If you copy and paste markdown into the editor it will convert it into a bona fide Gutenberg block. Pretty tasty.Markdown support in #Gutenberg is going to be so awesome. @matias_ventura just showed it off on stage at #WCEU without even mentioning it, like it has always been there 😠 Omar Reiss (@OmarReiss) June 16, 2018.@matias_ventura is showing off nice smooth Markdown conversion in #Gutenberg, as @photomatt was mentioning yesterday. Like butter. #WCEU pic.twitter.com/jZOVtbwFb4 David Bisset (@dimensionmedia) June 16, 2018This presentation has me thinking that Matà ­as Ventura was the big star of WordCamp Europe because he helped many people get excited about the changes. To sum it up that the future is WordPress.What are other people sayingThe future is near according to the team at Sitelock, and they are excited for this new chapter. The event itself was near perfect. it is hard to disagree with that assessment from a team that attends a WordCamp nearly every week. T hese guys know WordCamps like I know pizza.For the local view Ivana, volunteer and happy sharer of Serbian facts wrote a piece focusing on the great talks and diverse workshops. There was also a shoutout for Adrian Rosellis mammoth accessibility workshop (with slides).Youll hear it said often that the Serbian people were welcoming and it was a great experience, and you might also hear a mention of two of the amazing food.As ever, the Gutenberg timeline got a lot of the focus. Without a doubt, the clarification of the timeline is a great step in the right direction.Volunteering and OrganizingAs with every WordCamp Europe since 2016, the ThemeIsle crew was all hands on deck as volunteers. It was my first experience as a volunteer and I really enjoyed it. It was stressful combining it with our role as media partner but I learned a lot. Next year will be even better.We had pirates volunteering all over the event. First off we had Madalin working in the happiness bar. Sounds like he had a great time (hopefully staying within the Code of Conduct).If you need a â€Å"shot†, we’re waiting you at the Happines Bar #WCEU https://t.co/KQtpbEhteb Madalin Milea (@MileaMadalin) June 16, 2018Another first-timer, Radu, said, I heard from a lot of the guys that WCEU is a great experience but I didn’t expect to have so much fun.Best way to end Day 1 of #WCEU Thank you @iamkriskorn 🠤â€" pic.twitter.com/Ownh7hY0cN Sabina Ionescu (@s2abina) June 15, 2018We also had two pirates on the organizing committee. Sabina was 2IC of the communications team. She was busy the entire event, and as a result, barely had time to grab swag. She did score some delicious Estonian chocolate from our new friend, Kris. Thats what we call engineering happiness.Finally, WordCamp Europe 2019 will be in BerlinFinally, the announcement for WordCamp 2019 in Berlin was one we can all get behind. If we thought the Sava Centre was big, then the Estrel Hotel and Congress Center takes it up a notch with room for 12,000 people.The Berlin WordPress community is strong as can be seen in the 1300 members of their monthly meetup. They also have dedicated meetups for developers, women, and beginners.So, while were all disappointed that WordCamp Europe 2018 is over already, the good news is the WordCamp Europe process has already started again. The call for organizers has been sounded and if youre quick you can make another awesome WCEU.And the rest of us will start counting down the days. #WordCamp Europe #WCEU 2018 - What people are saying + our reflections

Nigeria Oil Crisis free essay sample

Fariha Ahsan, period 5 This article displays a vivid picture for us about the conditions in Nigeria due to the oil reserves. Though Nigeria contained the potential to strive and become a wealthy oil nation, leaving the cocoon of poverty encompassing Africa- it became trapped in a lot of corrupt dealings. Today, the Niger Delta in Nigeria has caught the attention of world wide humanitarian and environmental activists. The article states how in the past, the corrupt government ruling Nigeria was funded by Western governments and large oil corporations. Together, the group have benefited from the fossil fuels that are in abundant supply in the delta region. However, the mines are not the only things that are in this area, there are people of the Niger Delta who have been harshly affected for decades due to this illegal mining. The Ogoni, Ijaw and other minority groups of the Niger Delta have been stripped away of their environment and basic human rights. We will write a custom essay sample on Nigeria Oil Crisis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Their non-violent protests have been ignored and harshly cracked down by the money-hungry government. For example, during one non violent protest, Shell paid several community members to break off the protesting group. The Human Rights Watch has sided with the people of the delta, as it is clearly visible how the oil mining has ruined the area. The oil corporations have destroyed the chances of neighboring communities and minorities to form. Money to control the environmental pollution has been insufficient, causing extremely- harsh living condition with scarce drinking water, and abundance of malnourishment and disease. The oil mining has destroyed the land of the Nigerian Delta as well as the homes of many living there. After the delta started receiving world wide attention some change has begun to start, but the previous government has left behind much chaos. It is reported that in the last decade, the military took control of the regions people, burned homes and killed masses of civilians. The present government has attempted on being more democratic and open, so change is still underway.

Judicial Bench and Racial Discrimination essays

Judicial Bench and Racial Discrimination essays Regardless of how people might promote the role of the judiciary in curbing racial discrimination, there will always be some people who would complain of lack of judicial assistance and some might even claim that justice system is designed to keep the racial order intact. Despite these claims, it is worth mentioning that over the years, courts in the United States have decided many cases of discrimination and while some may have appeared biased, most actually sought to curb or reduce racial discrimination in all facets of life. In this regard, we have the 9th, the 13th and the 14th amendments that were proposed by Congress and were repeatedly interpreted by the courts to give them meaning and to make it easier for people to understand what their rights were under these amendments. The ninth amendment was meant to protect the rights of those who are not specifically covered by the Constitution. But amendments or laws are nothing with interpretation and thus Supreme Court interpreted the ninth amendment on various occasions. In Griswold v. Connecticut (1965), the court explained: While the Ninth Amendment - and indeed the entire Bill of Rights - originally concerned restrictions upon federal power, the subsequently enacted Fourteenth Amendment prohibits the States as well from abridging fundamental personal liberties. And, the Ninth Amendment... is surely relevant in showing the existence of other fundamental personal rights, now protected from state, as well as federal, infringement. Similarly the courts again invoked the ninth amendment in the famous case of Roe v. Wade where the decision went in favor of a "Ninth Amendment right to choose to have an abortion."[Roe v Wade, 1970] Apart from the ninth amendment, we also have the 13th amendment that seeks to protect property rights of all minorities thereby reducing the chance of racial discrimination in the disposal of property. The amendment seeks to abolish slavery and any...

End of the Century Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

End of the Century - Essay Example Opening the introduction of Reading the 'Fin de Siecle', Sally Ledger and Roger Luckhurst say: "The Victorian fin de siecle was an epoch of endings and beginnings. The collision between the old and new that characterised the turn of the century marks it as an excitingly volatile and transitional period; a time when British cultural politics were caught between two ages, the Victorian and the Modern; a time fraught with anxiety and with an exhilarating sense of possibility, (2000, p. xiii). According to them, women, imperialism, realism, journalism, drama, art, psychology, science, communication, education, democracy, politics, and meaning and expression of sex were all changing, at the turn of century. Intellectuality had a new meaning and geography of Europe, relationships between governments and countries were fast altering beyond recognition. They say that the allure of fin de siecle, its 'naughtiness' were reflected in the fantasies of the late twentieth century. Those are the ending of Victorian days, days of Charles Dickens, Victor Hugo, Arthur Rimbaud, Thomas Hardy, Oscar Wilde, steam engines, literary groups, learned institutions, proud cultural heritages. In Europe, everything was so well established that people and intellectuals were craving for some change to break the monotony. It was a moment that started a literature movement in almost all the regions. As the authors say, the end of the century was also the beginning of another century in the true sense. World was ready for a new era full of new ideas, wars, scientific discoveries, new art and individuality in every scene. The era of Postmodernism had started. They were the days when Paris was full of radical ideas in literature and various forms of arts. "When German troops withdrew from Paris after the Franco-Prussian War of 1871, French anarchists briefly established the Commune of Paris. Though the Commune of Paris was not long-lived, it seemed to set off a time in French culture when radical ideas in literature, art, theatre, and architecture were allowed to blossom. Paris became the center of avant-garde culture" http://lala.essortment.com/literaturemovem_rzkb.htm The unconventional ideas of writers like Stephan Mallarme, Guy de Maupassant influenced the new generation enormously. The saddest moment of fin de seicle came when Captain Alfred Dreyfus was falsely accused of spying for Germans, convicted and was deported into Devil's Island. Writer Emile Zola in his famous open letter 'J'Accuse' defended Dreyfus and eventually Dreyfus was brought back and exonerated, after much turmoil. Zola himself had to flee to English accused of a libel case and his novel Germinal kicked up a great scandal. This experience, in no way, hindered either Zola or other writers of fin de seicle. Then there is the most famous Art Noveau movement, started by two stalwart architects, Hector Guimard and Victor Horta. They initiated the entire art movement of the century. "The fluidity and asymmetry of these works had never been seen before, and was shocking to the bourgeoisie.

Internet technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Internet technology - Essay Example In addition, news can be received almost within a minute of their happening; and lastly, it has resulted in unintended threats such as cyber attacks among others. A new collaborative environment has developed on the internet in the past few years. People who would otherwise have not known each other or possibly interacted only a few years ago can now share information over the internet over extremely long distances and in different time zones. This has led to the development of new ideas which without the internet would never have come to into existence. A consequence of this is the reduction of physical interaction between people which has now become more or less non-physical. This lack of physical interaction has led to most people living a very artificial life which they can twist into anything they would like to be, although in most cases, they can be considered lies. The internet has reduced the personal safety of its users because such people of child predators tend to establish initial contact with children online and lure them into very dangerous situations. Furthermore, verbal attacks and malicious messages can be delivered online with little or no censorship because the internet has no single governing entity. An additional result of there not being an entity to control the internet has been its contribution to the violation of copyright law through the illegal distribution of copyrighted material on the internet by individuals. This denies the creators of such material as movies, music, and books the right to earn royalties from their work and it has instead led to its use without their consent. The past recent years has seen the emergence of multibillion dollar social network companies based on friendships and photos. Social networking has become big business online with such major social networks as Facebook, Twitter, and My Space collecting huge revenues from advertising and the sale of their users’ personal information to other commercial

Corporate governance Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

Corporate governance - Dissertation Example It is evident from the work of various research scholars that people felt the importance of â€Å"Corporate Governance† at least 100 years ago. For example, research scholars such as Tinbergen (1962) have raised their concern over effectiveness of corporate governance. In recent times, corporate accounting scandals in companies like Cirio, Enron, Vivendi, Ansett, Parmalat, and Pan Pharmaceuticals have forced business leaders to think about the issues like corporate accountability and corporate governance. Above mentioned corporate accounting scandals were the results of managerial misconduct and corporate failures. Business leaders became aware of the fact that they need to take some serious measures in order to address the pertaining issues of corporate governance. ... Various research scholars have stated situation-specific definition of corporate governance and so it is difficult to find one universal definition of corporate governance. Majority of the research scholars have given importance on the relational aspect of corporate governance. According to them corporate governance is guided by the relationship between shareholders and managers. Tricker (1984) has revealed that corporate governance is different from management due to the fact that management deals with running the organization while corporate governance deals with running the organization in a proper manner. Keasey and Wright (1993) have stated that business leaders can use different tools of management, such as controlling; accountability, in order to monitor activities of agents and motivation to make them act in accordance with the expectation of the internal and external stakeholders. Various research scholars such as Markusen and Venables (1999) have stated that there is a dire ct relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and corporate governance. According to them FDI policies of government plays a significant role on motivating foreign players to design sustainable corporate governance policy. Markusen and Maskus (2001) have stated that companies need to align their business strategy in a foreign country in accordance with the FDI policy of government of that country, in order to address the key issues of corporate governance. In many cases it has been observed that companies manipulate their corporate governance policy in order to achieve competitive advantage in foreign countries, such as superior technology, economies of scale, managerial expertise etc over

Tuckmans Team Building Model Management Essay

Tuckmans Team Building Model Management Essay To achieve stated goals and objectives people in organizations work in teams. These teams go through various stages. The extent to which project leadership success or failure, relates to the stages of teams formation, in the pursuance of these goals and objectives are not clear cut as past researches have given divided opinion and bringing other factors in contention. This assignment will introduce the concept of team formation and project leadership and critically discuss the extent to which the stages of team formation relate to the success or failure of project leadership. To critically evaluate how the stages of team formation relate to the success or failure of project leadership, Tuckmans team building model which explain the five forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning stages of the team formation (please see appendix 1) and Blanchards situational leadership model which explain the four leadership styles that a leader should adopt during the team development situations will be evaluated as the team behaviour and leadership style can be clearly seen in these two models. Tuckmans model emphasis that as the team develops, the leader changes leadership style. At the forming stage a successful leader follow a directing style which is similar to telling phase described in situational leadership model, at the storming stage leader coaches their team to come out from the conflict which is similar to the selling phase of the situational leadership style model, at the norming stage the leader facilitates its team to develop standards which is s imilar to the participating phase of the situational leadership model, at the performing stage leader delegate task to the members and almost detached which is similar to the delegating stage of the situational leadership model. At this stage the team initially formed, the team members meet each other; identify the purpose of the team, terms of reference and its composition. Team members endeavor to test each other, establish their personal identity and create an impression within the group with most consideration given to structure of the team, code of conduct, objectives, individual roles and responsibilities. If the team is more diverse, it is more difficult for the team to maneuver through as this stage takes longer. Therefore, in the formation of multicultural teams it is a particularly sensitive stage as it is characterized by commonality, courtesy, caution and confusion. To take the team to the performing stage leadership is crucial. Team members will not be comfortable if there is lack of clarity. If a leader could not direct the team members effectively, team would not able to reach the next stages of the team formation; therefore this stage does impact the success or failure of the project leadership. When team members truly consider that they are the part of a team, generally this stage is complete. Table 1: Members and Leadership competencies in Forming stage of a team. Member competencies needed: Leadership competencies needed: Asking open-ended questions Maintaining equity and being fair Listening without making assumptions and judgments Helping the group to articulate its purpose and overriding goal Observing group patterns of communication Facilitating discussions Using inclusive communication patterns Intervening to include all Disclosing ones needs appropriately Stage 2 Storming: This phase of team development is typically marked by conflict between team members, criticism and tension. Conflict arises due to the competing approaches to obtain the groups goals, disagreements over responsibilities and appropriate task related behavior. Team members might disagree about who should be leading the team and how much power the team leader should have and can result in redefining of the teams overall goals and specific tasks. Team members are likely to individually decide their level of commitment to the group tasks and extent, to which they like the team tasks, therefore may resist the control imposed by the team. At storming stage the team members may begin to withdraw, therefore this stage relates to the success or failure of the project leadership. If leaders coach their teams effectively, teams can proceed to the next stage. Therefore this stage is a critical stage for the group survival and effectiveness as the conflict harms the team progress and negatively affects some interpersonal relationship. When teams control is no longer resisted by the team members and everyone in the team agree about who will lead the team, this storming stage is completed. Table 2: Members and Leadership competencies in Storming stage of a team. Member competencies needed: Leadership competencies needed: Using inclusive language and behaviors Establishing an agreed-upon work plan Managing emotional expression Using mediation skills Giving and receiving feedback appropriately Using diverse methods of feedback and conflict transformation Stage 3 Norming: At this stage norms and expectations about what different members are responsible for doing are realize and develop as the team delineates task standards, develop intra group cohesiveness and establish standards, rules and regulations. Team members really start to feel their belongings to the team and the development of close ties with other team members. Therefore this phase of team development is characterized by: commitment, collaboration, cooperation and cohesion as team members attempts to mutually agree upon objectives and goals, accept different opinion and try to open exchange of information. Feeling of belongings and friendship to team, help to work towards team goals. At the norming stage the leader facilitates and enables their team to establish the standards and reach to the performing stage. By the end of this stage, standards to guide behavior in the group are agreed by the team members. This stage is similar to the participating stage of the situational leadership model. If the leader does not participate to establish standards, the team may develop their own standards and norms which may me contrary to the project overall objectives and lead to the project leadership failure. At this stage the major decisions are normally made by the team members jointly and the minor decisions may be delegate to the individuals. Table 3: Members and Leadership competencies in Norming stage of a team. Member competencies needed: Leadership competencies needed: Demonstrating support on task and in relationships Reinforcing high standards for task Recognizing individual and cultural differences in how appreciation is shown Coaching where needed Stage 4 Performing: This is the stage at which real work is done, team members know their role and duties and performing their work according to the expectations. Team members concentrate on the achievement of common goals and objectives. Sometime it can take long to reach to the performing stage, in most cases when they are self-managed work teams. Team members make progress towards common goals and feel comfortable working within their roles. This phase is marked by consideration among members, creativity challenge and group consciousness. At this stage the team morale is high and team has a good ability to focus on the task as relationship issues have been resolved. At the performing stage the team may produce another successor leader. At this stage the team members does not need assistance and instructions, but they need delegated tasks from the leader. Therefore at this stage leader delegates, observes and almost detach, this stage is similar to the delegating stage of the situational leadership model. This is the main stage where actual work will take place; delegation of wrong tasks to wrong person may lead to project leadership failure. Table 4: Members and Leadership competencies in Performing stage of a team. Member competencies needed: Leadership competencies needed: Adapting and changing Establishing a process for incorporating change and renewal Including new members Sharing leadership Stage 5 Reforming or Adjourning: At this stage a task force teams disbands after the fulfillment of its goals or due to poor performance. But some teams are permanent (ongoing work teams), therefore may not reach to the adjourning stage and often remain to the performing stage. This final stage can be characterized by communication, closure, compromise and consensus. The adjourning phase is not the main task of developing a team, but this stage is very relevant to the team members. Table 5: Leadership Activities at Different Group Formation Stages Stage Leadership Activity Forming Direct the team and establish objectives clearly by negotiating ground rules. Storming Establish process and structure, and work to smooth conflict and build good relationships between team members. Generally provide support, especially to those team members who are less secure. Remain positive and firm in the face of challenges. Explain forming, storming, norming and performing idea for people to understand why conflicts occurring, and that things will get better in the future. Teaching assertiveness and conflict resolution skills. Norming Help the team take responsibility for progress towards the goal by arranging a social, or a team-building event. Performing Delegate as far as possible. Once the team has achieved high performance, the aim now is to have as light a touch as possible by focusing on other goals and areas of work. Adjourning When successfully achieved the objectives time should be taken to celebrate the achievements. The above table clearly depict the relation between the stages of team formation and successful project leadership, the reverse will mean failure. 4. Conclusion Teams are formed because they can achieve far more than their individual members can on their own, and while being part of a high-performing team can be fun, it can take patience and professionalism to get to that stage. Effective team leaders can accelerate that process and reduce the difficulties that team members experience by understanding what they need to do as their team moves through the stages from forming to storming, norming and, finally, performing. Successful project leadership should realize that not all teams and situations will behave in the way depicted by Tuckman. However, in using this approach, the leader should not attempt to force situations to fit it but make sure that people dont use knowledge of the storming stage as a license for boorish behavior. There are some drawback with Tuckmans team formation modal as it does not talk about the time teams do spend and should spend in different project and external environment does not take into account. 1. Abstract People in organizations work in teams in achieving stated goals and objectives. The extent to which project success relates to the management of task, the individuals and the teams formation in the pursuance of these goals and objectives are not of equal proportion and need to be well judged and balanced by the leader. This assignment will use John Adairs Action Centre Leadership model to related the dynamic between task, individuals and team; critically discussing the extent to which these three needs are related to the management of a successful project. Introduction One person cannot handle whole project, he/she need other individuals an effective team to successfully complete the project. An effective team is a team who has high commitment, is highly appreciated by upper management, is always ready (adaptive) to change open to new ideas and always achieves its goals. Bailey and Cohen (1997: 4) considers a team as a collection of individuals who are interdependent in their tasks, share responsibility for outcomes, see themselves and are seen by others as an intact social entity, embedded in one or more larger social systems and who manage their relationships across organizational boundaries. Adairs Action Centred Action (ACT) model will be used to find the dynamic between task, team and individual as relate to managing projects successfully, as this model identifies three core interrelated functions, which explain the management and leaders core management responsibility. These three core function consist task: achieving the teams goal. team: developing and building your team, so that its ever more effective. individual: helping individuals develop their full potential in the workplace. Discussion Davis (2001) identified three factors, which can determine whether the team is effective or not, such as: The people (individual) within the team: Effective team determining factor for individual aspect include personal job satisfaction, low or no conflict and power struggles, having job security, appreciation by management and mutual trust of colleagues. The organizations rules and culture: includes the people do thinks and believes of the individuals. The tasks to be completed: including appropriate leadership, team involvement in decisions, appropriately skilled team members, challenging work, goals and objectives. According to Davis (2001) it is easy to appreciate the impact of organizational rules and job tasks on each other and on people (individual), but it is much more difficult to understand the impact of individual-related factors on other factors of successful teams of a successful project. Individual related factor such as trust is a major component in forming an effective working team that achieves results. Leaders/ managers are primarily responsible for creating trust. Adair (1997) describe the best leaders is who balance the task, team maintenance, and individual needs. Balancing task, team and individual Adair found that effective leaders pay attention to three areas of need for members of the team: those relating to the task, to the team itself and to individual team members with emphasis on variation with all three interdependent variables. Teams can be more effective for making decisions effectively and quickly than the traditional hierarchical structure according to the large body of research (Thompson 2008). As group members come and go, due to turnover, promotions, hiring and other reasons; therefore resulted over time change in teams, goals, group tasks etc (George et al. 2008). Teams can be classified on the basis of size, organizational level, composition, potential contribution to organizational performance, objectives, permanent versus temporary. According to Colloquia et al., there are 5 general types of teams such as work teams, management teams, parallel teams, project teams and virtual teams. Leadership is the ability to affect human behaviour to accomplish a mission, the act of influencing people to set and achieve goals (McGraw, 2009). Great leaders are visionary people who are able to achieve results using people. They exhibits authority in themselves and exhume confidence in their team members. Some leaders are democratic, allowing team members to express their opinions. Some are dictatorial, explaining what they want from their teams to the team members to execute. All styles have opportunity and challenges and may be used in certain circumstances. Team leaders must also realise that there are different types of human traits that can be exhibited among team members. These traits rarely have advantage over others as they are complementary. It is the duty of an effective team leader to identify the trait in individual members of his or her team and know how to use the qualities to advantage. All these traits have the qualities which effective team leaders can exploit and none is better than the other. Tasks are those activities that need to done in order to achieve the desired goals and outcome. Leader can help to facilitate these tasks by planning the work, allocating the resources, checking performance and reviewing progress. Team maintenance relates to maintaining good relation and building team spirit, training the group, maintaining discipline. Individual needs can be satisfied by attending to personal problems, training the individual, giving them status and praise, meeting their needs and reconciling conflicts between group needs. To achieve the task, management should make it clear who is going to do what, proper delegation of responsibilities, everyone is clear about the objectives, is adequate authority delegating to the team, are working conditions right for the group, have the time planned affectively, who will cover the absent person, is there adequate resources to complete the tasks. In building and maintaining the team, management should make it clear is the size of the team is correct, are the right people working together, are the rules seen to be reasonable, is the team motivated to achieve the tasks, is the conflict dealt properly, does the team accept the objectives do the team knows about the expected standards of performance. In developing the individual, management should make it clear that have the targets been agreed and quantified, does the individual know about their contribution to work, overall result, does the individual got sufficient authority to achieve the task delegate to them and has adequate provisions been made for retaining and training team members. According to the Hackman (1987), there are 3 primary definitions of team success, and these relate to the task, social relations, and individuals. A successful team completes its task. While completing the task, team members develop social relations that help them work together and maintain the team. Teamwork should help to improve an individuals social and interpersonal skills. Mullins (2010:369) suggests that the action taken by the leader in any one of these area of need will affect one or both of the other areas of need with the ideal position been the complete integration towards the achievement of all three. However, building the team and satisfying individual needs are considered to be part of leadership whilst achieving the common task involves the process of management. According to Robbins (1998) Individual behavior have key variables, which make up individual difference. Every individual has their own attitudes, personality, values, talent, ability to learn, motivation factors, perceptions. Different nature of these variables (attributes) make individual different. Attitude is the judgment an individual make about events and people. This judgement can be positive or negative. Basic values influenced attitude and attitude affect the individual behaviour. Sometime attitudes can change, while values are unlikely to change. Values: Values are the general belief about what is good and bad. Values affect the individual behavior and attitude and difficult to change. Personality: Individual act and behave in a particular way, which called personality. Personality can be learned and inherited. Talent: Talent means the intelligence and ability of the individual. Level of persons talent will depend on how those people perform their job. Ability to learn: This is related to the change in behavior based on experience and getting new ideas. Motivation: Motivation means willing to do something with inspiration, not by force. Different individual have different motivating factors, such as money, name and fame etc. According to Bowditch et al the motivation of team members of joining a team, strongly influence cohesiveness of the team and the members productivity. Perception: Different people give different meaning to what they see around them; therefore people perceive things in different ways. By Knowing about individual differences leaders can understand why individual respond differently. Leaders should appreciate that it is difficult to change values, therefore they may be try to change attitude. As attitude affect behavior, which affect job performance and motivation. The key learning point from these different factors is that if leader want to get best from their team he should appreciate that individuals need to be treated differently. There is also Myer-Briggs model (1956) which effective team leaders have to contend with. This model is about personality types. Myer-Briggs identified four ways people differ from each other. These are: the way they think; the way they view; the way they feel/perceive and the way they see things. Team diversity include language difference, cultural difference, background difference, qualification difference, class, age, sex and experience also have effects in a team which the leader must manage. Mckenna and Maister draw attention on the importance of group leader establishing trust among the group by helping them understand the behaviours that build trust (Cited in Mullins, 2010). Successful project management will require the following list of common tasks for each of the three management responsibilities so that leaders will balance their resources appropriately. Task Team Individual Establish deadlines for project tasks, and explain the quality standards expected. Ensure that everyone in the team has the skills and training to accomplish the final goal Help define each individuals role within the team and agree the tasks they are responsible for. Clearly state the final goal of the team. Monitor team relationships, and resolve conflicts where necessary. Appropriately praise and reward individual team members for their contribution to the team. Ensure everyone understands the resources, people, and processes that they should be using If team will be working in smaller teams, appoint a leader for each team, and ensure that he/she is effective and properly trained. Ensure that one on one time is spent with each member: identify their strengths and weaknesses, their needs, and any special skills they can bring to the team. Create a detailed plan for how the group is going to reach their final goal. Work on keeping the team motivated with high morale. If any team members seem to be lagging behind, coach them until they are back on track. Identify the purpose of the team and communicate team members. Identify the style the team will be working in (very formal, relaxed, etc.) Ensure each team member has the skills to perform his or her role successfully. Give regular feedback on the teams performance. 4. Conclusion Leaders have many responsibilities when it comes to managing their teams. And, its easy to get so focused on one area that the others slip by the wayside, leading to an unbalanced, poorly-functioning group. ACL model states that leaders must balance the actions they take across all three key areas if they want their project to succeed. The areas are interdependent; if a leader focuses too much on one area and neglects the other two, then the group will experience problems. The leaders do not necessarily have to divide their efforts equally across these but balance according to the situation and over time. Using a tool like Action Centered Leadership can help any leader stay on top of the most important responsibilities, and keep the group working efficiently, happily, and productively. John Adairs simple Action-Centered Leadership model provides a great blueprint for leadership and the management of any team, group or organisation. Good managers and leaders should have full command of the three main areas of the ACL model, and should be able to use each of the elements according to the situation. Leaders who are able to achieve the task; building the team and develop keeping the right balance, gets results, builds morale, improves quality, develops teams and productivity, and is the mark of a success.

Alex Cross Book Review Essay

How would you react if you found out that a mass murderer you have been trying to capture and arrest for over a few months was hiding in your cellar waiting for the perfect time to crawl out and kill you? In the book Cat & Mouse by James Patterson, these are the type of people Homicide Detective Alex Cross has to deal with on a daily basis. Alex Cross, who lives in Washington D.C. and works for the FBI, is going throughout his daily life of solving small murder cases and living with his family. When Gary Soneji, one of the men he got convicted to jail for kidnapping a few years back, is released, Soneji seeks out revenge of Alex. Soneji pulls off a brutal string of murders leaving behind small clues for Alex to find and use to figure out Soneji’s ultimate plan. Soneji isn’t the only one carrying out murders at the time, though. All over Europe, a man known as Mr. Smith has been abducting citizens of several countries and mutilating the bodies. Now not only does Alex have to figure out what Soneji plans to do, but he also has an extremely brutal man on the loose in Europe he has to catch before his rampage goes on any longer. Remarkably, even through all of these murders and investigations Alex is able to pursue his love interest and the outcome of the story is one you won’t ever expect. Will Alex catch the two murderers or will he end up as one of their victims? You’ll have to read to find out. I recommend this book to anyone he enjoys a suspenseful, thrilling, and overall interesting book. It didn’t take too long to read and it was really hard to put the book down once you get reading. There was, however, some tough dialogue in the book.

Learning Theology Essay

In Learning Theology with the Church Fathers, Christopher Hall discusses the doctrinal beliefs of the early Christian leaders while Christianity was in its fledgling state of development. Much of what is discussed by Hill in his book is the standard for what the beliefs on the subject will be throughout the church’s history. The topics in Hill’s book are important because the church father’s findings concern these issues establishes the church’s beliefs on these doctrinal topics. Hill’s approach in his book is to take a subject that was highly contested in the life of the early church and follow one or two of the major leading authorities on the subject from the time period. A benefit to looking at the topic this way shows what the prominent thinking of the day was and if it still relates to Christians today. The first major theme that the book addresses is to describe the attributes of God. Hill looks at the various aspects of God the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Within discussing the parts of the Holy Trinity, Hill shows the various thinking the early church had concerning the three, what each of their roles are, and discusses how each of the three had equality together without either being subordinate to another. The second theme addressed by Hill is that of God’s interaction with humans. Hill explains the teachings concerning man’s sin and how the church fathers understood God’s forgiveness toward man. Hill also speaks of man as being instilled with God’s goodness. Man’s natural instinct is not bent on doing what is inherently good, but it is within God’s instilled grace that God’s best for man is placed within himself (Hill, 130). Hill also writes in discussion of God’s providence to man as being loving, transcendent and wise. The third theme Hill discusses are those things that are directly relatable to Christians in their relations with God. These things consist of the Christian’s relation to the scriptures, the apostolic founded church, and a Christian’s resurrected body and eternal life. Hill also discusses the early church father’s apologetics to the scripture’s authority and how the scriptures were His perfect gift given through His perfect knowledge (Hill, 209). Hill also discusses the differing roles of the church and what the members communal roles are and the differing thoughts on discipline. One of the most important topics discussed by Hill is that of the characteristics of the Holy Spirit. The discussion that was taking place during the fourth century was what is the Holy Spirit and what role does it play in the character of God? Many believed that the three persons of God were not triumvirate but actually three different Gods making Christianity polytheistic. Basil the Great’s writings on the subject is the focal point of Hill’s discussion. Basil’s writings addressed the variable confusions that surrounded the Holy Spirit. The topics Hill highlights from Basil is that of the Holy Spirits equality with the Father and the Son. One point that Hill singles out which gives credence to a Holy Trinity is that the argument for differing levels of power in the Holy Trinity is not arguable. Hill contends that people cannot comprehend the relationship between the three because they all three transient time and age, thus making it impossible for man to give rank to one over another (Hill, 105). This is rational argument because if something transcends time and age, does another being transcend time and space more? To have this distinction is not a more or less argument but a yes or no argument in defining a deity’s self to which Hill discusses well. Another positive from Hill’s book is the explanation of the Holy Spirit and the description of the divine community that is the Holy Trinity. If the Father, Son and Holy Spirit are not three different gods, what is the purpose of their being three separate beings? Hill examines this by giving each of the three different roles in the actions of the world. Hill defines the Father as the creator, the Son and the initiator, and the Holy Spirit as the perfecter (Hill, 115). This understanding of the Holy Trinity shows how the three are not separate but how each are one with different roles in dealing with man. Hill also explains that neither entity usurps the other’s tasks, but remain separated in their roles showing that neither is superior to the other entities. This is a useful distinction because it helps understand the functioning of the Holy Trinity and how it relates to man. When those tasks are known man has a better appreciation for each part of the Holy Trinity and honor can be given to the each part of the deity including the Holy Spirit (Hill, 118). The theme of man’s relation to God is another well outlined discussion. Hill addresses the subject of man’s sins in a way that explains how it was problematic for the church fathers. Following the writing of Irenaeus, Hill discusses the issue of man’s goodness. The discussion during the time of Irenaeus was whether man was naturally good or was goodness implanted in man by God? Hill’s conclusion eventually is man’s sin nature is prevalent before his conversion and after his conversion God bestows a sense of goodness through His love in man. God’s redemptive spirit is given to man and reflected through the actions of man (Hill, 130). Hill’s explanation that the church fathers did not think man naturally good is logical because if man is naturally good then their is no purpose for salvation. Yet while it is said human nature is without good, man is still given a choice and sometimes makes the moral decision. A limited amount of time was given to explain how God allows man to make his own choices. Hill says that God gives the choice to man to decide but does not fully expound on why man sometimes goes against his nature to make moral decisions. In all, Hill does a good job on explaining the church father’s thinking concerning the formation of early church doctrine. His description of their writings helps the reader understand the issues that spurred their theology and the content of their messages. Learning Theology with the Church Fathers gives an good summation of how Christian beliefs came to formation and who the writers were that God used to frame early Christianity’s doctrine. Bibliography Hill, Christopher. Learning Theology with the Church Fathers. Downers Grove: IVP Academy, 2002.

Free Essays on English 99

As a child or an adult, each of us has someone to look upon to as a role model. Usually, when we admire someone it’s because he or she has certain characteristics that you and I do not have or need to be improved. A role model for me is someone who contributed something positive in my life. Someone who has changed my outlook on life drastically, and someone that I can mirror my way of life to his own. In my case, the person that I consider a good role model in my life would be my very own mother. My mother is intelligent, hardworking and knows how to handle tough situations in life. My mother’s name is Rosa, and she was born in a small village in the Philippines called Panay. She has 6 brothers, and 4 sisters. My mother is the third oldest child, and when she was fourteen years old, she decided to move to the big city called Manila to work as a nanny. To move to a big city such as Manila, the capital city of the Philippines, takes a lot of guts especially for a young woman. My mother told me that moving to the big city was scary for her because she did not know anyone, and it was her very first time living far away from her family. My mother did the cooking, laundry, cleaning house and baby sitting for a wealthy family, and in return she was allowed to stay free of rent in her employer’s house. My mother wanted to finish school, and at night she went to school to get her high school diploma. After a couple of years working and going to school in the evening, my mother received her diploma. My mother changed dramatically after she met my father. My father worked for the U.S Army Base in the Philippines. My parent’s relationship did not last very long; they ended up separating in less than five years of living together. Now my mother is stuck with two little boys on her own; I was four years old and my brother was only three months old. She did everything she could to make sure that my brother and I went to school; we had a ... Free Essays on English 99 Free Essays on English 99 As a child or an adult, each of us has someone to look upon to as a role model. Usually, when we admire someone it’s because he or she has certain characteristics that you and I do not have or need to be improved. A role model for me is someone who contributed something positive in my life. Someone who has changed my outlook on life drastically, and someone that I can mirror my way of life to his own. In my case, the person that I consider a good role model in my life would be my very own mother. My mother is intelligent, hardworking and knows how to handle tough situations in life. My mother’s name is Rosa, and she was born in a small village in the Philippines called Panay. She has 6 brothers, and 4 sisters. My mother is the third oldest child, and when she was fourteen years old, she decided to move to the big city called Manila to work as a nanny. To move to a big city such as Manila, the capital city of the Philippines, takes a lot of guts especially for a young woman. My mother told me that moving to the big city was scary for her because she did not know anyone, and it was her very first time living far away from her family. My mother did the cooking, laundry, cleaning house and baby sitting for a wealthy family, and in return she was allowed to stay free of rent in her employer’s house. My mother wanted to finish school, and at night she went to school to get her high school diploma. After a couple of years working and going to school in the evening, my mother received her diploma. My mother changed dramatically after she met my father. My father worked for the U.S Army Base in the Philippines. My parent’s relationship did not last very long; they ended up separating in less than five years of living together. Now my mother is stuck with two little boys on her own; I was four years old and my brother was only three months old. She did everything she could to make sure that my brother and I went to school; we had a ...

Vietnam War essays

Vietnam War essays The Vietnam War took place from 1959 to 1975. The war involved the North Vietnamese and the National Liberation Front which came into conflict with the United States forces and the South Vietnamese army. Struggling for their independence from France, Vietnam divided into two countries, North and South Vietnam. Being Vietnam was a Communist government, the United States decided to become involved with Vietnam. The United States believed that if all of the country fell under a Communist government, Communism would spread throughout Southeast Asia and beyond. This belief was known as the Domino Theory. Under this belief, the U.S. government supported the South Vietnamese government which led to the rebellion in the South because of the repressive policies, therefore, the National Liberation Front was formed into an opposition group with close ties to North Vietnam. General Westmoreland, the American commander, had a variety of strategies he had conceived. His first strategy was to deploy the American troops to protect the U.S. air and supply bases along the South Vietnamese coast. He then would send units to block any attempt made by the North Vietnamese and Vietcong to sweep across to the sea and slice the country in two. With their vastly superior mobility and fire power, the American forces launched a series of search-and-destroy operations that would grind down the enemy. The American soldiers went to Vietnam with a lot of weight of American industry behind them. With the exception of the nuclear weapon, nearly every piece of equipment in Americas hands was sooner or later used in Vietnam. The skies were full of fighters, bombers, helicopters, and other airplanes. There were high-altitude B-52s referred to as Puff the Magic Dragon, a converted DC-3 transport outfitted with rapid fire machine guns able to pump out eighteen thousand rounds per minute. Being so cluttered in a...

Physical Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Physical Assessment - Essay Example The nipple is surrounded by pigmented area of the skin, known as the areola, which possesses underlying areolar glands. Normal breasts are located between the second and the sixth ribs and from the lateral margin of sternum to mid-axillary line. They enlarge during pregnancy and lactation, due to the enlargement of ducts and lobules (Snell, 2008). The normal shape of the breast is due to the connective tissue and ligaments and it is supplied by nerves, blood and lymph vessels, and lymph nodes. Accurate diagnosis is important to assess the proper function of mammary glands (in females), as well as the increasing risk of breast cancer in both males and females (WebMD, n.d.) The patient complained of severe pain in the upper lateral quadrant on the left side of her breast since the past six days, and difficulty in breathing. Her left nipple appeared to be slightly inverted since her menopause eight years ago. She had two children whom she had lactated until the first year after their births. Both the right and left breasts appeared symmetrical and were located on the pectoral muscles in normal position and were of an average size. The skin was smooth throughout and there was no discoloration, heat or erythema on either of them. Her right nipple was everted but her left one had been inverted since menopause. Upon palpation, the right breast had no swollen lymph nodes or tenderness, but the upper left quadrant of left breast had focal nodularity, slight swelling of axilla and tenderness. There was no discharge from either of the nipples. Upon mammography and sentinel node biopsy, it was discovered that the patient had metastatic breast cancer and advised mastectomy and subsequent chemotherapy and breast irradiation. Her estrogen and progesterone receptor assays were positive, confirming the aforementioned prognosis. Educate the patient regarding breast cancer and its specifics. Bilateral

Human sexuality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Human sexuality - Essay Example The ancient Greeks are notorious for their fixation on the male genitalia, making it the focal point of various types of art and pageantry (â€Å"History of Sex†, 2004). This has led many to believe that they were primarily a race of homosexuals, who only copulated with their wives when necessary for the purpose of procreation. To a certain extent, especially as it applies to the life of the wife, this is quite true. When the wives are thought of at all, it’s typically in the context of, â€Å"gee, I wonder why those women put up with their men out partying with their guy friends all the time?† Very little consideration is ever given to the concept of a sex life for the women of ancient Greece. â€Å"The male idea of female sexuality was that Greek men believed that women envied their penises† (â€Å"History of Sex†, 2004). Despite this rather skewed view of female sexuality, there is a wide body of information regarding the rather formalized viewpo ints this society held regarding their women as they became sexual beings. Basically, these women were relegated to two very distinct general categories – they were either wives or they were prostitutes (Thompson, 2005). It was in the role of a prostitute that a woman had the greatest societal flexibility, but this did not mean they were able to live better lives than the wives, who were essentially ignored other than to have children (Thompson, 2005).

Employment Law Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Employment Law - Research Paper Example es; and other matters in relation to the nature of the job (National Archives, 2012) Trial period – the employer may offer a trial period in the employment agreement not longer than 3 months following the commencement of employment’s relationship (National Archives, 2012) Importance of â€Å"statutory requirements† and â€Å"Implied terms† The employment contract will also stipulate anent implied terms of service based on the set of mutual obligations for both employer and employee that are maybe set in a written statement of basic employment particulars stipulated under ERA 1996. S .1 (Emplaw Online, 2012). Some of the implied obligations of an employer are stipulated under the ‘equality clause’ to ensure that workers will not be subjected under all forms of discrimination, that they’d be able to observe custom of the trade and that they will be able to perform their common law duties for a safe environment (Emplaw Online, 2012). Part of these implied obligations is to uphold mutual trust and confidence among workers (Emplaw Online, 2012). The statutory requirements are clearly outlined in labour laws and policies of the country. In case there is breach of contract and illegal dismissal or there is unfair dismissal, this will be ruled by the Act of Parliament and dealt with by employment tribunals not by the courts (Emplaw Online, 2012). Unfair dismissal happens when there is breach of contract or there is wrongful dismissal. This is a new concept integrated in Great Britain’s labour policy after the legislation of  Industrial Relations Act and in ERA 1996 Part X, 94 and 135 (Emplaw Online, 2012). Legal protection afforded to employees by ‘Transfer of Undertakings’ legislation Labor laws in UK have also assured that employees’ rights are protected... The employment contract will also stipulate anent implied terms of service based on the set of mutual obligations for both employer and employee that are maybe set in a written statement of basic employment particulars stipulated under ERA 1996. S .1. Some of the implied obligations of an employer are stipulated under the ‘equality clause’ to ensure that workers will not be subjected to all forms of discrimination, that they’d be able to observe the custom of the trade and that they will be able to perform their common law duties for a safe environment. Part of these implied obligations is to uphold mutual trust and confidence among workers. The statutory requirements are clearly outlined in labor laws and policies of the country. In case there is a breach of contract and illegal dismissal or there is an unfair dismissal, this will be ruled by the Act of Parliament and dealt with by employment tribunals, not by the courts. Unfair dismissal happens when there is a breach of contract or there is wrongful dismissal. This is a new concept integrated in Great Britain’s labor policy after the legislation of Industrial Relations Act and in ERA 1996 Part X, 94 and 135. Labor laws in the UK have also assured that employees’ rights are protected under Transfer of Undertakings Regulations of 2006 (TUPE), or when a business is subjected to transfer. The regulation aims at ensuring that employees will not be illegally dismissed from work due to business transfer unless there is sufficient reason to warrant termination

The contemporary perspectives in psychology Essay Example for Free

The contemporary perspectives in psychology Essay Which of the contemporary perspectives in psychology makes the most sense to you? Discussion It is evident that psychology is being increasingly used in daily events. Employment for example, in Europe more companies are subjecting potential personnel to psychological profile checks and psychological tests during interviews. Even our social lives are becoming affected. People who are seeking the right partner are using psychological techniques to establish the emotional state of their potential partners. As psychology becomes more and more accessible and understandable to more people, I feel that it will begin to influence our lifestyles more. The evolutionary perspective focuses on why a particular behavior or physical structure developed and how the behavior or structure aids in adaptation to the environment (Lahey, 20). Charles Darwin was the innovator who popularized the evolutionary theory. This summarizes how a being can adapt to an environment and keep certain habits, in turn passing these traits along to future generations. Sociocultural perspective focuses on the different cultures, ethnic identity and other sociocoultural factors to fully understand a person (Lahey, 17) which I think is makes the most sense. At a point in time the psychology field was dominated by Caucasian males. Females and people from different races were not allowed to be in the field or even to obtain a doctoral degree. Thought the years, the percentage of men and women in the field have changed dramatically. Once dominated by men, the field has shifted more toward women dominating the field. The contemporary perspective in psychology that makes the most sense to me is the neuroscience perspective. I think the neuroscience perspective is very important especially within the medical field. I understand why this course is a pre-req for entry into pharmacy school. The neuroscience perspective focuses on the nervous system in explaining behavior and mental processes. Psychologists are interested in the structures of the brain that play roles in emotion, reasoning, speaking, and other psychological processes (Lahey, 20). For example, after drinking alcohol you slur you speech and are unable to walk a straight line. Alcoh ol affects the part of the brain that controls muscle coordination. Also,the illegal drug MDMA/ecstasy effects serotonin levels in the brain. This plays a role in emotion. While on the drug you have a wide range of good emotions. After the drug is out of the brain you dont feel as good. The brains of people with schizophernia, bipolar disorder, MS and Parkinsons disease and Alzheimers are different than people without these conditions. MRIs, EEGS and PETS (scans of the brain) have shown this difference. New drugs have been created to treat these conditions based on neurotransmitters and chemicals in the brain. With more and more research being today on these diseases, better and effective treatments are being developed based on the way are body/brains are built and function. Most psychologists agree Human beings are biological creatures (Lahey, 26) The new drug Namenda, for Alzheimers works by attaching to a certain receptors and allowing just enough chemical that effects learning and memory. Too much of this chemical and the nerve cells die, too little and information cannot be stored. I think all of the perspectives have some value. They are different and some similar in explaining behavior and mental processes. Generally, contemporary psychologists do not align themselves with a single theoretical position. Rather, they integrate the best contributions of each perspective into their own eclectic view. (Lahey, 25) I think when evaluating behavior and mental processes, each perspective should be considered and the best parts used. I agree with Aga when she says in her post The evolutionary perspective focuses on why a particular behavior or physical structure developed and how the behavior or structure aids in adaptation to the environment (Lahey, 20). Charles Darwin was the innovator who popularized the evolutionary theory. This summarizes how a being can adapt to an environment and keep certain habits, in turn passing these traits along to future generations. Many traits are passed along and also bipolar disorder can be passed on to future generations. The behavior of a son/daughter having bipolar disorder can be similar to the mother/father that has bipolar disorder. Also, bipolar disorder is somehow connected with out physical makeup, DNA. That is how it is passed on. Although Darwin wrote long before the mechanisms of genetic inheritance were understood, he hypothesized that variations occur occasionally in the process of reproduction (Lahey 20) Who knows maybe bipolar disorder was originally a mutation.